Genetic polymorphisms on y-chromosomal haplotype str loci in garo and santal population in Bangladesh

Abstract

Allele frequencies and haplotype or gene diversity distribution of seventeen Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) such as, DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448 were examined in 120 Garo and 139 unrelated male individuals of Santal community from two different places of Bangladesh. From 120 Garo individuals, a total of 99 different haplotypes were identified with a discrimination capacity (DC) of 0.825 and from 139 Santal individuals, a total of 129 different haplotypes were observed which corresponds to a discrimination capacity (DC) of 0.928. The highest allele frequency (0.8250) was observed in locus DYS391 for Garo, whereas for Santal it was 0.8993 for locus DYS437. The gene diversity values ranged from 0.2939 (DYS391) to 0.9505 (DYS385a/b) in Garo, whereas in Santal it was observed from 0.1849 (DYS437) to 0.9212 (DYS385a/b). To portray the genetic association among the populations, Neighbour-Joining (NJ) tree were constructed based on the Fst value using the PHYLIP software. A comparison of the studied data with the published data from YHRD (Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database ) based on AMOVA analysis showed that, Garo population is closely related to Khalkh population from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and Santal population is closely related to Rajbanshi population from West Bengal, India. The high haplotype diversity obtained from the two studied population indicated the high potential for differentiating between male individuals in this two populations and indicated their usefulness in criminal investigation, parentage testing and in determining paternal lineage.