Study on impacts and penetration factor of solar energy integration on national grid system of Bangladesh using dIg SILENT power factory

Abstract

Interconnection of a distributed generator (DG) like Solar PV generator to an existing distribution system provides various benefits like improved power quality, higher reliability of the distribution system and covers peak shaves. This type of generators has negative impacts on voltage and frequency stability, transmission and distribution losses, and transient stability of an existing central grid system. In this research the impacts of DG/PV penetration on the national grid of Bangladesh grid have been studied and the maximum penetration factors for different feeders have been investigated. The studies have compared the impacts on grid with PV integration and without PV integration through simulating the standard bus test feeder using DigSILENT software. Two case studies at loaded Dhanmondi feeder of Dhaka and Housing feeder of Comilla S & D- 2 reveal that, integration of solar PV generation causes the grid system to lose its radial power flow frequently when grid voltage exceeds the maximum tolerable limit of bus voltage 0.95 to 1.05 per unit (p.u.) as of the national grid standard of Bangladesh. There was a decrease in total power losses as losses of transmission and distribution buses and lines increases, besides the increased fault level of the system caused by the DG. The study also shows that, for a feeder of rural area in Bangladesh like Housing feeder of Comilla S & D- 2, the maximum penetration should be not more than 23.43% of the total generation.