Urdu Language and Literary Study of Urdu Speaking Community in Dhaka

Abstract

Urdu literature, a vibrant and illustrious literary tradition, has evolved over centuries, reflecting the cultural amalgamation of the Indian subcontinent. The origins of Urdu literature can be traced back to the 13th century when Persian was the dominant language of the courts. During the Mughal era, Urdu literature flourished under the patronage of rulers and nobles. The classical period of Urdu literature continued through the 18th and 19th centuries, witnessing the emergence of great poets such as Ghalib, Iqbal, and Zauq, whose works continue to be celebrated for their profound impact on language and society.

Dhaka, the vibrant capital of Bangladesh, is home to a significant Urdu-speaking community, adding to the city's diverse and multicultural fabric. Over the decades, the Bihari community has become an integral part of Dhaka's social and economic landscape. Despite facing various challenges and seeking recognition of their rights, the Urdu-speaking community has contributed to the city's rich cultural heritage and has preserved its distinct linguistic and cultural identity. Despite the challenges faced by the community, their literary contributions have been significant and diverse.

Urdu journalism in Dhaka has played a crucial role in connecting the Urdu-speaking community to the wider world and preserving its cultural identity. Through these publications, Urdu-speaking journalists have not only informed their community but also fostered a sense of belonging and unity among them. Today, it stands as a vital medium for the community to express its ideas, celebrate its heritage, and stay connected to the broader society while cherishing its linguistic and cultural roots in the bustling city of Dhaka.

The Urdu-speaking community in Dhaka faces a multitude of socio-economic challenges that have shaped their experiences and opportunities. One of the significant issues confronting the community is the historical marginalization and lack of recognition of their rights as citizens. As a result, they have faced difficulties in accessing education, clean water, and sanitation, healthcare, and basic services, leading to higher rates of poverty and unemployment within the community. The lack of proper housing and infrastructure exacerbates the challenges of poverty and health, further impacting their socio-economic well-being.

The study is divided into a total of 5 chapters. In Chapter 1, the research introduces the history of Urdu literature. Chapter 2 focuses on the Urdu-speaking community in Dhaka. Chapter 3 states the Urdu literature practiced by the Urdu-speaking community in Dhaka. Chapter 4 focuses the Urdu journalism in Dhaka. Chapter 5 analysis the findings of socio-economic problems of the Urdu-speaking community.

This research explores the realm of Urdu literature produced by Indian immigrants and their experiences in Bangladesh. By concentrating on the diverse genres, forms, performances as well as the interactions with Bangla literature, adaptations, and publications, the investigation explores the rich tapestry of Urdu literary expression. Furthermore, addresses the challenges faced by the Urdu-speaking linguistic minority in Bangladesh, discussing their needs and aspirations. Ultimately, the research delves into the beliefs, obstacles, and requirements of the Bihari community, and envisages the potential future of Urdu writers and Urdu literature in Bangladesh.