SMOKING OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

Abstract

Background Smoking is currently the single most important public health problem worldwide, being a modifiable risk factor for the development of numerous morbidities, including cardiovascular disease. However, the association between smoking and obesity is complex. On one hand, smokers have a lower body weight and body-mass index (BMI) than non-smokers. On the other hand, current smokers tend to have a larger waist circumference (WC) and a higher waist-to-hip ratio than non-smokers, suggesting that smoking may favor the accumulation of abdominal fat. However, obesity is also an epidemic disease worldwide as well as Nepal. Objective: The objectives of the current study was to determine the association between the pattern of smoking and obesity among the type 2 diabetic patients in Nepal Study design and setting: A cross-sectional study design was followed for this study. Systematic sampling method was used for data collection from 350 type 2 diabetic patients attending two Medical colleges , diabetes clinics outpatient department (OPD) of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital and College of Medical Sciences Teaching Dhaka University Institutional Repository Hospital, Chitwan District of Nepal Data were analyzed using statistical technique, Basic statistic was used for r frequency and percentage, chi –square test was used to determine the association in between dependent variable and associated factors. Result: In the present study demonstrated that more than fifty percent (50.9%) used to smoke cigarettes, Bidi, Cigars etc. and 34.3% were smokeless tobacco users and only few (14.8%) were both smoke and smokeless tobacco users. Among the smokers 58% were overweight, 37% were normal weight and 6% were under weight. Out of 350 subjects, fifty percent had high physical activity level thirty percent subjects had medium physical activity level and twenty percent subjects had low physical activity level. . Among the overweight 18 (35%) smoker, 29(56%) were smokeless tobacco user and. (5)9.6% both smoke and smokeless user here (χ2/p=0.43/0.93). Among over weight (center obesity) 20 (33.3%) smoker, 36(60%) smokeless tobacco use and 4(6.7%) both smoke and smokeless tobacco use, of tobacco user were using both smoking and smokeless tobacco, however (χ2 /p=4.47/0.38). Conclusion: Pattern of smoking and abdominal obesity did not establish any association. Regarding pattern of smoking, three types of smoking were considered (smoke, smokeless tobacco user and both user) to establish the association with obesity. However, no association was seen with abdominal obesity (χ2/p=0.43/0.93).