Abstract:
Enclave crisis in South Asia was a manmade suffering created by wars among
empires. Only general people were the key victims of the crisis. India’s inability
to implement the treaty of 1958 with Pakistan and to ratify the Indira-Mujib Land
Boundary Agreement of 1974 was the major cause of enclave crisis sustained for
long. People suffered a lot in the enclaves for about 68 years. In 2015, the
enclaves between India and Bangladesh were exchanged. Government of
Bangladesh initiated steps to develop the areas. Here, the social and economic
conditions of the former enclave people were tried to analyze and the socioeconomic changes after exchanging enclaves were tried to explore. In this context,
two pilot survey were conducted before starting data collection finally.
Questionnaire survey, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) methods were followed to
collect primary data; and secondary data was collected through literature review.
There was different sort of discussion with local people (young people, women,
school teachers, old people and other dignitaries) during data collection.
Qualitative data was categorized and quantitative data was analyzed by statistical
methods. Microsoft excel was used during data analyzing process. Here, the
discussion on conceptual framework was tried to look upon the core social values,
security and dignity; and economic security, food security, communication and so
on. Challenges in different sectors of profession, education and daily life of the
dwellers have been identified through analyzing data. Finally, the study adds
some recommendations that may be considered as fundamental principles to
transform the former enclave societies into main stream societies of Bangladesh.
